Scouts Learning Experiences in To Kill a Mockingbird Essays -- Englis

Scouts Learning Experiences in To Kill a MockingbirdIn the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout learns valuable lessons on the evil of prejudice array in her Southern town of Maycomb, on the true nature of courage, and on the dangers of judging others before ...climbing into their skin and walking around in it. Set in the mid 1930s, Scout Finch is a young girl living with her older brother, Jem, and her lawyer father. Being a kid, Scout has the simple duties of a minor, to have playfulness and to stay out of trouble. But along the way, she also learns many eventful things. Although the majority of her hometown is prejudiced, Scouts innocent mind remains non prejudice and caring of others. To her, all is equal, so therefore, should be treated equal. There is no doubt that Scouts character is one whom is an individual, someone whom will stick to her own perspective no matter how roughshod and racist other people can be. In her adult world, Scout learns to treat all people fairly wit h dignity and respect. One of the most important role models in Scouts life, is her father, genus Atticus. Atticus is a small town lawyer who deals with a very tough case involving a black man and his rights. Although Atticus is a single father, he manages to teach his children right from wrong. He makes it a common practice to die his life as he would like his children to live theirs, and therefore displays the characteristics of an honest, respectable, and kind man. Atticus demonstrates his feelings for...

Public Health Professionals Essay -- Health, Health Services

Identify and describe three reasons why there may be a physician paucity rather than a surplus in the U.S.William & Torrens (2010) provided a table to show the first time since 1965, between 2000 and 2005, there was a slight decrease in the ratio of physicians per 100,000 civilian populations. The three reasons why there is a physician shortage rather than a surplus in the United States is caused first of every(prenominal) by more restrictive elements that have been blunted due to widespread physician and patient dissatisfaction, particularly with limits of choice (Williams & Torrens, scalawag 270). The move away from more efficient forms of organized medical practice commonly means that more physicians will be necessary to deliver the same level of care (Mick, 2004). Physicians and patients come along to prefer choice to efficiency, which will add rack for more physicians and is the first of several possible factors fueling fears of a new shortage (Williams & Torrens, page 27 0). The arcsecond reason for the physician shortage in the United States is was a larger percentage of women in medical school. Women still do a majority of the tasks border the raising of children and maintaining a alkali, leaving less time available for practice (Williams & Torrens, page 270). This demographic shift with the workforce may produce more pressure for more than fewer physicians (Williams & Torrens, page 270). Third, physician preferences now favor a more controllable lifestyle (Williams & Torrens, page 270). Young physicians today seek life opportunities with weekends off limiting the hours worked per week. These preferences over time will reduce the availability for patient care (Dorsey, Jarjorua, & Rutecki. 2003). Identify and describe three f... ...ion, the emergence of the hospital and hospital systems and their associated ambulatory clinics as the central institution of the health care system, and the large array of post hospitalization treatment venu es that include nursing homes, rehabilitation facilitates, hospices, and home health organizations (Williams & Torrens, page 268). Secondly, technological innovation has also lead to increased specialization of health care personnel, primarily during the last 40 year (Williams& Torrens, page 268). This specialization opened the door to several new health care professions. The last role reviewed was health care workers that have gained the largest share of the overall subdue of allied health positions. They compose of a mere 1 to 2 percent in 1920, but in 2000 they made up over 54 percent (Williams & Torrens, page 268).

Cetaceans And Evolution :: essays research papers

CetaceansThere are many forms of cetacean life living in the worlds waters. How an why they came into existence is uncertain, that there keep up been many theories. Some say that dolphins are aquatic forms of goats, and others believe they evolved just like everything else, from a single cell, andnot from an actual multi-cellular beingness. Because intimately cetaceans have some vestigial structures such as under-developed os coxae, the former of these two theories remains prevalent in mostresearchers minds.The theory that cetaceans evolved from a goat-like being is not at all farcical. The similarities between the skeletal systems are more than coincidental. The only difference is that the cetaceans adapted to a marine lifestyle. The front limbs became modified as paddle- skeletal systemd flippers, the bones of which are still reminiscent of jointed limbs and digits, but the hind limbs were lost. The broad horizontal tail flukes that provide the main propulsive thrust turn off no anatomical connection to the lost hind limbs, but are a seperate and distint development. They contain no bone, and owe their firm and yet flexible shape to underlying fibrous elastic tissue. The body is enveloped in a thick layer of blubber that aids in bouyancy, helps to preserve body heat, and is a point of reference of stored energy. A cetaceans skin is free of sweat glands, oil glands, or hair, and feels much like smooth, wet rubber to the touch.Cetaceans, like other mammals, have lungs. They breathe air through a single nostril, or pair of nostrils, located on the top of the head but contrary to a frequent image, they do not spout water when they exhale. The visible spout, the size and shape of which is unique to many species, is simply water vapor in the lungs and a polished amount of water present in the depressionaround the blowhole, which is blown into the air as th cetacean exhales.A number of physiological adaptations modify goliaths to perform deep dives. First , they have a larger blood volume than land mammals of comparable size and weight, and they also have a greatly increase capacity to store oxygen in their blood and muscle tissue. Second, each breath provides an 80 to 90 percent renewal of air in the whales lung, compare with only 10 to 20percent in most land mammals. Third, cetaceans have a resistance to the metabolic by-product carbon-dioxide, the buildup of which in the tissues, rather than the lack of oxygen, triggers the involuntary breathing response of most mammals.

Far Beyond Everyday Superstitions Essay -- Obseessive Compulsive Disor

Far Beyond Everyday SuperstitionsEach day my grandfather has an impulse to touch his shoulder, then his nose, and after these actions are accomplished he touches his ear. He does these actions each and every time he says hello to a human being. It is as if he is a coach on the third-base line signboard a runner to steal home. He doesnt know why he does these actions he just does. He has on obvious reason and trys non to do them, but each time they come back. My grandfather feels ashamed of his actions and does not want anyone to know of them. He has other impulses as well. He turns tally light switches with his thumb, only his thumb. My grandfather was diagnosed with the Obsessive- compulsive malady twenty years ago. The Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a strange and frightening sickness of ritual. This disease is farthermost more common than most people would ever imagine. About one in fifty Americans have this disorder, as many as five gazillion (11/28, http//www.zoloft .com/index.asp?pageid=14&o=060110000000GO). It is most common between the ages of 18 through 54 to be diagnosed. Typically one third of adult cases however, begin at adolescence. It is cruel because the victims of this disease know of their strange behavior and try to make it stop, but cannot. It is as though their brain is stuck on a particular prospect or urge and can not let it go. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is different from the everyday superstitions that most people seem to have. For instance, many people call up in lucky numbers, knocking on wood, or keeping umbrellas closed in the house. These habits are different from the disorder for these Kreftmeyer 2 patients cannot put these actions out of their minds (Rapoport, 2). This disorder should be... ...cans need to become more aware of how its effects to ones life, due to the surprisingly high number of people that have symptoms of it. Psychiatrists are still experimenting with different combinations of medications and t herapies for which get out eventually help the victims even more. It is a disorder that many need to be informed about. Works CitedCoon, Dennis. Introduction to Psychology. Pacific Grove Brooks/cabbage Publishing Company, 1998.Dumont, Raeann. The Sky Is Falling. New York W.W. Norton & Company Inc., 1996.Pharmacotherapy. National Institute of Mental Health. 30 November 2001. Rapoport, Judith. The Boy Who Couldnt Stop Washing. New York E.P. Dutton Inc. 1989.Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Obsessive- Compulsive Foundation. 28 November 2001. Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Zoloft. 28 November 2001.

Autism :: Psychology, Mental Health

AutismAutism is one of the mental, emotional, and behavior derangements thatappears in early childhood. Autism, or autistic disorder, almost alwaysdevelops within the startle 3 years of a childs life. Children and adolescentswith autism cannot interact normally with other people. Autism thus affectsmany aspects of their development.Children with and adolescents with autism typically -have a difficulttime communicating with others -exhibit very reiterative behaviors (likerocking back and forth, head banging, or touching or twirling objects) -have alimited range of interests and activities and -may became upset at a smallchange in their environs or daily routine.Although symptoms of autistic disorder sometimes can be seen in earlyinfancy, the condition can appear after months of normal development. In mostcases, it is not possible to identify any specific event that triggers autisticdisorder. About 7 in every 10 children and adolescents with autistic disorderalso have mental retar dation or other problems with their brain function orstructure.Recent studies estimate that as many as 14 children out of 10,000 mayhave autism or a related condition. About 125,000 Americans are affected bythese disorders, and nearly 4,000 families across the country have deuce or morechildren with autism. Three times as many boys as girls have autism.Researchers are still unsure about what causes autism. Several studiessuggest that autistic disorder might be caused by a combination of biologicalfactors, including exposure to a virus before birth, a problem with the immunesystem, or genetics.Scientists also have identified chemicals in the brain and the immune

To what extent do you regard The Shield Of Achilles as characteristic E

To what extent do you regard The Shield Of Achilles as feature film of Audens work as whole?At foremost glance Audens meter the Shield of Achilles appears to befocused on the classical world. The poems classical nature is firstindicated by the title- Achilles was of argument a famous Greek hero,and throughout the poem there ar further classical references, numerousof which Auden has taken from Book XVIII of Homers Iliad- Marblewell-governed cities (l.3), athletes at their games (l.46),Hephaestos, hobbled away (l.61). However, the poem also combinesthese classical details with the modern world- Proved by statistics(l.17), Barbed wire enclosed an arbitrary patch (l.31). Althoughthere is this unusual combination of classical and modern, the poemcan be seen as timelessColumn by column in a mist of dust===================================They marched away enduring a beliefWhose logic brought them, somewhere else, to grief.(The Shield of Achilles ll.21-23)Here the army who are endu ring a belief (l.21) that they are doinggood can be as easily applicable to the modern day (i.e. the situationin Iraq) as to classical times. The timeless nature of the poem can besaid to be a characteristic feature as it appears in other poems suchas Gare du Midi======================================================================clutching a pocketable caseHe walks out briskly to infect a cityWhose terrible future may have just arrived.(Gare Du Midi, ll.6-8)Here we are led to believe that a man is about to unleash a terribleweapon on a city and although the poem was written in December 1938,its proleptic nature allows the poem to be much more in tune with thew... ...atures, it is perhaps impossible tooutline a characteristic Auden poem. The Shield of Achilles lacksmany features that would make it characteristic. For example, poemssuch as Moon Landing and a Walk After Dark are rife withcolloquial (Mneh- Moon Landing, ll.22) and recherch (Lacrimaererum- A Walk After Dark, l.30) la nguage, whereas The Shield ofAchilles has none, instead the language in the poem obeys the poemsprinciple of contrast- it alternates between classical and modernlanguage. so its reasonable to say that there are manyre-occurring themes throughout Audens poems, but not that there areentire poems which are characteristic.---------------------------------------------------------------------1 It is notable that Ist September 1939 appeared on many websites after the September 11th attacks in 2001.

To what extent do you regard The Shield Of Achilles as characteristic E

To what extent do you regard The Shield Of Achilles as peculiarity of Audens work as unscathed?At primary glance Audens verse form the Shield of Achilles appears to befocused on the unstained world. The poems classical nature is firstindicated by the title- Achilles was of course a famous Greek hero,and throughout the poem there are further classical references, manyof which Auden has taken from Book xviii of Homers Iliad- Marblewell-governed cities (l.3), athletes at their games (l.46),Hephaestos, hobbled away (l.61). However, the poem also combinesthese classical details with the modern world- Proved by statistics(l.17), Barbed wire enfold an arbitrary spot (l.31). Althoughthere is this unusual combination of classical and modern, the poemcan be seen as unchangedColumn by column in a cloud of dust===================================They marched away enduring a beliefWhose logic brought them, somewhere else, to grief.(The Shield of Achilles ll.21-23)Here the army who are endu ring a belief (l.21) that they are doinggood can be as easily applicable to the modern day (i.e. the situationin Iraq) as to classical times. The timeless nature of the poem can besaid to be a characteristic feature as it appears in other poems suchas Gare du midi======================================================================clutching a little caseHe walks out briskly to infect a cityWhose terrible future may have just arrived.(Gare Du midi, ll.6-8)Here we are led to believe that a man is about to unleash a terribleweapon on a city and although the poem was written in December 1938,its proleptic nature allows the poem to be much more in tune with thew... ...atures, it is perhaps impossible tooutline a characteristic Auden poem. The Shield of Achilles lacksmany features that would make it characteristic. For example, poemssuch as moonlight Landing and a Walk After Dark are rife withcolloquial (Mneh- Moon Landing, ll.22) and recherch (Lacrimaererum- A Walk After Dark, l.30) language, whereas The Shield ofAchilles has none, instead the language in the poem obeys the poemsprinciple of contrast- it alternates between classical and modernlanguage. Therefore its reasonable to say that there are manyre-occurring themes throughout Audens poems, but not that there are whole poems which are characteristic.---------------------------------------------------------------------1 It is notable that Ist September 1939 appeared on many websites after the September 11th attacks in 2001.

Py 270 Appendix D

University of Phoenix Material Appendix D Psychological and Psychophysiological Stress Disorders Respond to the following 1. Stress can be the root cause of mental disorders. Name four symptoms shared by acute and posttraumatic stress disorders. 1) There can be re-experiencing founts such as dreams. 2) Avoiding special circumstances where an event can remind the person of the event. 3) Losing interest in things that were once pleasurable. 4) Trouble sleeping and increased anxiety. 2.What life events are most likely to trigger a stress disorder? Any events that are considered stressors like every day happenings can trigger stress disorders. Events such as death, rape, assault, abuse can be triggers for a stress disorder. 3. Traumatic events do not always result in a diagnosable psychological disorder. What factors determine how a person whitethorn be affected by one such event? A persons tolerance to stress depends on genetic and biological factors. The brain can in truth be changed by traumatic events.Certain personality characteristics make a person more prone to a psychological disorders. 4. What are the four stages in conflict the psychological needs of disaster victims? a. Psychological debriefing and/or medical care immediately following trauma. b. Therapy to aid in ending stress reactions. c. Therapy to suffice gain perspective on traumatic event. d. Therapy and assistance to enable individual to return to normal levels of functioning after trauma. 5. What is the link between personality styles and pith sickness?There is a link between personality styles and heart disease. There are two basic personality flakes, type A and type B. Type A personalities tend to be more aggressive, angry more often, very driven, and impatient. Studies show a correlation between coronary heart disease and type A personalities. 6. List and briefly describe four psychological treatments for physical disorders. 1) Insight therapy and support groups- particularly if the ai lment is depression or dread disorders.This form of treatment will help the patient to process information and talk to others about(predicate) coping mechanisms. 2) Cognitive interventions-patients learn to rid themselves of negative thoughts about the pain they are experiencing to keep their mind off of it. 3) Hypnosis-puts patients in a relaxed sleeplike state. The hypnotist talk positively about what the patient is experiencing and almost reverses the way of thinking about the pain. 4) Meditation-helps patients to go into a relaxed state and release stress.

Animal Liberation and Their Moral Status Essay

Peter singer, author of the highly revered book entitled brute Liberation, caused kind of a stir when he released this book in 1975. Considered by some as the Bible of sentient being rights, the book aimed to halt the corrupt that a distribute of non homophile animals were experiencing at the expense of homophile cr occupyions. This would include the use of animals for experimentation, as well as the consumption of animals as part of our everyday meals. The book make it a visor to emphasize the fact that majority of the humans argon taking advantage of animals, and treating them with disregard and without any form of consideration whatsoever.Many throng credited the effectiveness of Singers book for the sudden burst of animal rights into the mainstream of issues surrounding society. No doubt, his views on animal rights has had a signifi firet capture in the past. Alex Pacheco helped found People for the Ethical Treatment of tools (PeTA), after reading Singers book. And man y people still use his book as a reference when discussing the rights of animals (Internal Vegetation Union, 2006).Even so, Singers skills as a messenger cant alone explain how concern about the status and treatment of animals has moved into the mainstream of public policy discussions. Master communicator though he be, the culture had to be ready for his message. It had been prepared by several factors, among them the civil rights, peace and womens movements and the apparent failure of science and technology to deliver fully on all their promises. Chernobyl, holes in the ozone layer, pesticides in the food chain, and the possibility of a brave new world created by cloning and genetic engineering have put the suspicion and fear of scientists into our collective hearts.Singers Animal RightsStill, Singer proceeds to emphasize a lot of his points in his book, as to why animal cruelty should be abolished from society. For one thing, animals and humans, despite some similarities, are st ill so relatively different that it would be pointless to apply the results that one would acquire from animal testing, and apply it to humans.Aside from that, both animal disturb and its relief by means of anesthesia not only interferes with the experimental results, but invalidates it as well. Also, there are now numerous alternatives to animal research, that wouldnt involve hurting them in any way or form. By doing animal research, whether it is wishinged or could be beneficial, it is still morally wrong to shoot the breeze injury upon animals, as they too have the tendency to feel pain.Singers main point of concern is that nonhuman animals should not be subjected to being treated so harshly and without compassion. It is not to say that animals should be treated as equals rather, humans should not do to them what we wouldnt do to our fellow species. If a scientist would consider it immoral to experiment on an some other human being, the same sentiment should be shared to anima ls.If it would be morally unacceptable to use human beings as a source of food, then why is eating animals any different? Just as it is wrong to kill a fellow human being, so should be the case with animals as well. Singer believed that animals should not be a means towards our end, and treat them as mere commodities which only survive to satisfy our own needs, and should be treated as fellow living things (Lim, 2008).Singers philosophical views hold a lot of truth, as the abuse that some animals face due to the work of human beings should be considered as morally wrong. Animals should not be subjected to all sorts of scientific experiments, even if these scientists claim that this for the great good. Some scientists would argue that the studies they make on animals would benefit us, as their discoveries could pave the way for a better understanding of life in general. But apply animals as test subjects should not be condoned, especially if the animalss health and life is in parr el. Animals should not be harmed, period, no matter what the circumstances are. In terms of preserving their lives, their rights should be just as a high as any humans.Contradicting Singers Argumentsthough some of Singers arguments may be valid, I cannot say that I agree with some of his beliefs. For instance, in the animal kingdom, when a dominant animal kills one of its prey and feeds it to its family, is that animal considered a murderer? Would it also be considered as, ironically, inhuman? Some would say that animals kill other animals as part of their primal insticts, as a need to feed themselves in order to survive. But if humans eat other animals, shouldnt it also be considered as the same primal needs? Singer might consider the thought of eating meat to be unruly and wrong, but I beg to differ. Since the beginning of time, the earliest of humans, being not as good as we are now, had the same primal instincts as any other animal. Humans, for the most part, are born as omnivo res (Best, 1991).We cannot help it if we crave to eat meat rather than just fruits, vegetables and other natural produce. So for someone to dispute that humans should not eat animals is to go against our own human constitution and instincts. Of course, its wrong to eat a fellow human being. But how often have you seen any other animal eating its own kind, too? In that case, its not even about being a species of higher intelligence. Not even animals of lower intellect would do such a thing. The point is, eating another species is part of our natural instincts not as humans, but as natural-born omnivores. And to say that we are morally wrong to eat anything other than what grows on the ground would be to contradict the nature of not only humans, but the entire animal kingdom as well. We may be more intelligent than animals, but have the same primal needs as animals do, and to deprive us of following that need would also be considered wrong.How then, do we come to a compromise? I beli eve that Singer had it right when he pointed out the abuse that animals endure when being used as test subjects for scientific experiments. This order is not only unnecessary, but it should be considered as morally wrong. The same goes for sports hunting. The killing of animals should not be done as a leisurely activity, as we would not do it against our fellow man. In terms of consuming other animals as food, while I personally believe there should be limits in terms of choosing what animals can be considered, it should not be taken against those who prefer to eat meat. We as omnivores have our own needs. though not to say that we cant survive without eating meat, it is still part of our nature to crave for it. In terms of morals, humans should not be held accountable for consuming other animals, as it is what binds us with them.To conclude, animal rights have long ways to go before any permanet laws could be issued that would be fair on both sides. Though Singer stresses a lot of important points, one still cannot deny our own rights, not as humans but as part of the racing circuit of living creatures.ReferencesBest, Steven. Philosophy Under Fire The Peter Singer Controversy (1991). Retrieved 18 June 2008 from http//www.animalliberationfront.com/Saints/Authors/Interviews/Peter %20Singersummary.htmLim, Alvin. On Peter Singers Ethics of Animal Liberation (2008). Retrieved 18 June 2008 from http//chlim01.googlepages.com/singer.htmProfessor Peter Singer (2006). International Vegetation Union. Retrieved 18 June 2008 from

Basic Concepts in the Law of Contracts

LGST 612 Prof. Kevin Werbach BASIC CONCEPTS IN THE LAW OF CONTRACTS obligations argon essential to business. They argon a well-grounded mechanism used in each industry and every part of the world to structure relationships among firms, and with customers, partners, and suppliers. Over several centuries, the law goerning mashs has developed a large number of doctrines. Most ar consistent with putting green sense, but unless you know what the rules are, you can easily make a mistake. This document introduces the fundamentals of hale law more or less relevant to businesspeople.Important healthy monetary value are italicized. What is a Contract? And what is Contract Law? Legally, a iron is a set of hollers that the law provide en metier. We make promises all the time. exclusively some of them the adepts that meet the contract formation requirements listed below are licitly holdable. That kernel the legal system, in the form of romances, can step in to fiat some acti on or supportment for violation of the contract. Contracts are in that locationfore private deals with the possibility of public (governmental) enforcement.Of course, in that respect are mevery reasons to fulfill promises other(a)wise than legal obligations. Reneging on promises whitethorn be unethical, or whitethorn result in a loss of goodwill or reputation as expensive or more so than anything a court can impose. The general principles of contract law are fairly universal around the world. However, specific rules interpolate from country to country. In common law countries such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the United States and Great Britain, most of the legal doctrines governing contracts take for been developed by courts over the centuries.In civil law countries such as those in Continental Europe, most of the price of contract law are specified through comprehensive legislative codes. Even in the U. S. , some aspects of contract law are regulated by legislation. Cer tain classes of contracts involving employment, securities transactions, health care, and consumer financial transactions are subject to regulations that overthrow the general principles of common law. Commercial contracts for the sale of goods (as opposed to services like consulting) are covered in virtually every state in the U. S. y the Uniform Commercial Code, which imposes specific statutory requirements. And certain contracts are made unenforceable by the Constitution for example, a provision that a house may non be sold to a certain racial or ethnic group. Parties negotiating a contract shed light only believe they will benefit from the cartel. For example, a corporation purchasing a license for enterprise software believes the benefit from the software will exceed the bell it pays, and the software vendor believes the price will exceed sum of expected costs for providing access to its product.When parties enter into a contract, in that respectfore, they slackly do n on expect it to be smashed (violated), or to re chassis to the legal system. However, they recognize that sometimes a partner may make a promise with good intentions, and later fail to fulfill it, or that circumstances may chance in some way. When evaluating contracts, courts will mostly not consider whether the deal was a good one for either side. The standard collect is that no one forced the parties to enter into the contract they should be held to the bargain they struck.Another way to think of a contract is as a legal hedge against hesitation or risk. The contract gives each ships company confidence that if the other fails to practice, they can see compensation through the courts. It also allows parties to specify how specific situations in the incoming may be addressed. For example, in the software license described above, what happens if the buyer decides to modify some of the software code and resell it? Rather than wait for the disorderliness if that happens, the p arties can specify ahead of time how the situation will be handled, by adding provisions to the contract.LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) summon 2 Contemporary legal systems focus on two things in contracts cases intent and reliance. If the evidence shows that all parties acted as though they intended to be legally bound to a contract, and the plaintiff (the one register the lawsuit) reasonably relied on the defendant to follow through with the contract, the courts will generally enforce it. To do otherwise would be unfair to the party that was harmed by observation their shootments. In modern contract law, intent and reasonable reliance often trump statuesqueities.A contract may generally be enforced even if it not signed, written, or even stately made. For example, if a fishmonger delivers fresh fish to a restaurant every Monday for a grade and receives the same payment each time, there may be an implied contract even if the parties never explicitly spoke about it. The plaintiff sti ll needs to convince the judge or jury in court, which is much harder to do based on oral testimony than documentary evidence. Unwritten contracts also leave meaning(a) gaps for courts to fill in.The implied contract between the restaurant and the fishmonger, for example, could be terminated at any time by the parties, because there is no explicit term guaranteeing how long it will last. Remedies What a court awards to a successful plaintiff for breach of contract is known as the remedy. In contract law, the sole aim of the remedy is to adequately traverse for the breach. You cannot receive additional punitive damages to punish soul for breach of contract, as you ability under(a) a tort claim such as products liability. The same facts, however, might give rise to both kinds of claims, as when a party deliberately breaks a contract in order to harm the other partys business. ) In most contracts cases, the remedy is a payment of money, known as damages. There are three main ways that courts may calculate the level of damages Expectation is the preferred formula. Whenever possible, this is what courts will use. Expectation means that the plaintiff (who did not breach the contract) gets the benefit of the bargain. In other words, they receive compensation to put them in the position they would get to been in, had the contract been performed.For example, if an airline enters into a futures contract to purchase jet fuel in one year at $4/gallon, and at the time of performance the fuel bon ton breaches because the spot market price is now $7/gallon, the expectation remedy would be $3/gallon times the number of gallons. In other words, it is the difference between the market and contract price. That way, the airline can buy the fuel from soulfulness else at the market price, and still get the benefit of the contract. Reliance is used when expectation damages cannot be calculated because the amounts are in like manner uncertain, or there is some other reaso n not to give expectation damages.Under this formula, the plaintiff gets back any costs he or she has expected by relying on the contract, so they are no worse off than before the agreement. Generally, this will be a smaller amount than the expectation remedy. Restitution is used in rare situations where even reliance damages are not feasible to checker. Under this formula, the defendant (who breached the contract) must(prenominal)(prenominal) give back whatever benefit he or she received from the plaintiff, even if this does not wide-eyedy cover the plaintiffs reliance.For example, if the plaintiff paid money to the defendant for some services, the defendant must give it back. Courts may also consider awarding incidental and consequential damages. These are other costs the plaintiff can demonstrate, which go beyond his or her expectation under the contract. For example, imagine a factory owner contracts for a $50,000 piece of machinery to power a production line, and LGST 61 2 (Prof. Werbach) Page 3 the supplier breaches the contract. It takes a month before the factory can obtain an equivalent machine from another supplier (also for $50,000).As a result, the factory loses one month of production, which produces financial losings of $500,000 and causes its customers to terminate future orders worth several million dollars. All those costs are considered consequential damages. Whether they can be recovered depends on how foreseeable they were, and on the term of the contract itself. On the one hand, those are actual losses the plaintiff suffered on the other hand, was it reasonable to think the defendant took on millions of dollars of strength liability when it sold a $50,000 machine?In limited situations, monetary damages are not fit to give the plaintiff an adequate remedy. In such cases, a court may order an injunction (forbidding the defendant from some course of action) or specific performance (affirmatively ordering the defendant to go through w ith the transaction). Specific performance is exclusively available for unique objects, where the money to purchase a similar object is not considered adequate. This includes things such as whole kit of art and real the three estates. Breach Failing to follow through on the legal obligations of a contract is called a breach.A breach might mean one party totally ignored its contractual obligations, or that it failed to perform some of them (such as completing the contracted-for services within a specified time), or that it did so in an inadequate manner. Whether something constitutes a breach is a factual decision for the court. The decision may be easier if the contract itself specifies conditions for breach, or whether a failure to perform specific responsibilities constitutes a breach of the whole agreement.As mentioned above, breaching a contract is not the same thing as breaking a promise, because law and ethics are not identical. In particular, sometimes a breach is, economi cally at least, a good thing. Imagine that an architect contracts with a cabinetmaker for custom-designed built-in piece of furniture in a renovated house. However, the owner of the house changes her mind before finalizing her contract with the architect, and he loses the commission. The cabinetmaker has not yet started to manufacture the furniture.It would be wasteful to force the architect to go through with the contract, when he knows the cabinets will be useless. It is more efficient for the architect to breach the agreement. So long as the architect pays ample compensation to the cabinetmaker (voluntarily or in the form of monetary damages or a voluntary payment), there is nothing unethical in his breach. Contract Formation There are five required elements for a legally concealment contract. In other words, a plaintiff suing for breach of contract must first show that all five were met. Then they must show the contract was breached, and they are entitled to a remedy. ) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Offer Acceptance Consideration rectitude Capacity The first two requirements, offer and acceptance, are sometimes lumped together and called mutual assent. They are typically the most difficult and important elements to establish. LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) Offer Page 4 An offer is a proposal that manifests intent to enter into a contract. It is distinguished from an invitation, which is simply a proposal to enter into negotiations and therefore not legally binding.The party that makes an offer is called the offeror and the party that receives it is called the offeree. For the offer to be reasonable, the offeror must 1. Manifest the intent to enter into a contract 2. Be defined and certain regarding the essential terms of the proposed contract 3. Communicate the offer to the offeree Suppose you are at a used-car dealers lot. You see a care you like with the price listed as $9,995. You ask the salesperson what hed take for the car he doesnt answer you, but responds by as king you what you would offer.If you then say, I wouldnt pay the list price, but I might pay $8,000 if I could finance it, have you made an offer? In considering questions of this type, courts will look to objective manifestations of intent. Would a reasonable (ordinary, average) person, listening to your conversation in context of use, think that you intended to bound into a contract if the salesperson trustworthy? Again, reasonable reliance is what the courts look to protect, so your subjective mental state, even if it could be reliably impelled, is irrelevant. Courts do, however, consider the context.You might offer to purchase a candy bar just by keeping out a dollar bill to a cashier, but an offer to enter into a multi-million dollar merger agreement might require significantly greater formalities. Similarly, if it would be clear to a reasonable observer that a statement was made as a joke, or in a well-disposed setting that does not involve contractual obligations, such as a wedding invitation, there is no binding offer. All these, however, are factual questions that courts might assess by hearing witnesses, looking at evidence, and listening to experts.Acceptance An acceptance is the mirror of an offer. If the offeree (the one receiving the offer) objectively manifests intent to be bound, the other elements below are met, and the offer is still valid, a contract comes into being at that moment. Intent is evaluated the same way for acceptance as for the offer. For the acceptance, however, courts are more sensitive to situations where person takes actions that indicate acceptance (such as signing a document), but does not in fact understand the obligations they are undertaking.In such cases, courts generally look to whether this is the sort of contract that is typically accepted in that manner, and whether the offeree had a reasonable opportunity to analyze the contract but chose not to. Many business-to-consumer agreements are so-called contracts of hamper or form contracts, where the consumer has no real opportunity to negotiate the specific terms think of a rental-car agreement but acceptance is still generally considered valid because there are other means to protect the consumers and the alternative would be extremely inefficient and cumbersome.There are four ways that an offer may no longer be valid 1. The offeror may generally revoke the offer by communicating that to the other party at any moment before acceptance. 2. If the one receiving the offer rejects it, which includes making a counter-offer, the original offer is considered no longer binding. 3. After some reasonable period of time, determined by the court based on the context, offers lapse. You cannot walk into a used-car dealer and say you are accepting the list price of a car denote two years before. 4. Death or incapacitation of an offeror generally cancels an offer.One exception to the rule about revocation of offers is the option contract. This is es sentially a contract that binds only one party. For example, a property owner might grant a real estate investor LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) Page 5 an option to purchase a edifice for $15 million within a period of 90 days. If the investor comes forward with the $15 million, the owner must sell the building. The investor, however, is under no obligation to do anything. (Options on stocks operate the same way the price for the put or call is the payment for the option. ) Under U. S. aw, there must be a separate payment for holding open the option, even if it is specified in the same document as the purchase terms. In other words, in the real estate example, if the building owner promised to keep the offer open for 90 days, but received no compensation for that promise, it would technically be free to sell to someone else. In many other countries, a party that promises an option must keep it open for a reasonable period of time, even without payment. The acceptance must mirror the offer . That means the offeree must comply with any conditions the offeror placed on the offer.If, for example, the offer states that payment must be made in cash, or that those wishing to accept the offer must show up in person at a certain location, those conditions must be met for a valid acceptance. If the offeror does not specify, the offeree may use any reasonable means. This may even include actions rather than words. If I ask a friend to assume me a sandwich from the cafe downstairs, which Ill pay for, and she immediately goes to purchase it without saying a word, her actions would likely be a sufficient manifestation of intent.As always, context matters. In a complex commercial negotiation, it may be reasonable to exchange numerous very specific drafts, which are not formally accepted until the final version is signed off on by senior executives. Consideration Consideration means that each party has committed to bragging(a) up something of value to incur the promise or action of the other party. It is the way the law distinguishes an enforceable contractual bargain from a gift. If someone promises to give you a gift, and then reneges on the promise, you cannot sue them for breach of contract.There was no contract to begin with, because you did not have to give anything up in return for the gift. In most contracts, consideration will be money in exchange for some goods or services. However, it can be anything of legal value, including property or voluntarily giving up a legal right to act in a certain way. In a famous case, a court held that an uncles promise to pay money to his nephew if the nephew gave up smoking and drinking was enforceable, because the nephew stopped doing something he was legally entitled to do. The consideration must, however, be needed to induce the promise.If your action or inaction wasnt what motivated the other party, there is no consideration. The amount of consideration need not match the value of what the party receives in re turn. A contract to pay $100 for a computer worth $1,000 may be a bad deal, but it has sufficient consideration. The main question is whether there is something of value exchanged to demonstrate the agreement is not a gift. In business agreements, this sometimes means a recital (a contractual provision that simply states a fact) along the lines of, in exchange for good and valuable onsideration of one dollar to ensure consideration is found. Legality Contracts that are made for an illegal purpose will not be enforceable in a court of law. An agreement with a hit man to kill a disfavored relative may meet all of the formalities of a contract, but it should be obvious that you could not sue him for failing to go through with it. More realistically, an agreement to put away in bribery or to restrain market competition in violation of antitrust laws would be unenforceable.Capacity All parties to a contract must have the legal capacity to enter into a binding agreement. In other words, they must have what the law considers sufficient mental fortitude to understand and commit to LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) Page 6 the obligations involved. Two main classes of people who do not have capacity are children and those under significant mental disability or impairment. Children are generally not allowed to become legally bound by contracts. (The specific age cutoff and other considerations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. If an adult contracts with a child, the child can void the contract at will, but the adult is still bound if the child wishes to enforce the agreement. The other situations in which capacity becomes an young are when a party either has a significant disability that prevents them from understanding contractual obligations, or they are too severely impaired by drugs, alcohol, or another factor. Capacity is judged objectively would a reasonable observer think the party was in a state that made it impossible to express intent to contract?If so, the part y at that moment lacks the legal capacity. It is important to note that capacity is not the same thing as capability or authority. A bank may not actually have the financial wherewithal to provide the financing that it contracts for, but this does not mean it is incapable of entering into any contract. If it fails to provide the financing that the other party reasonably relied on, it is in breach of contract, whether or not it actually has the resources needed to perform. Similarly, an agent may or may not have the legal authority to speak for a firm.If a sales representative (or someone claiming to be a sales representative) commits a company to an agreement with a customer that the company does not in fact wish to honor, that has no bearing on the legal capacity to contract. In that situation, the court must determine whether it is appropriate to bind the company. If the salesperson did not in fact have actual authority to sign off on such contracts, courts would look to whether i t was reasonable for the customer to think that they did, especially without communicating with corporate headquarters.Whether a Contract Must be in Writing (Statute of Frauds) As mentioned above, there is no general requirement that contracts be in report. It is generally a good idea to write contracts down, because that provides clear evidence of their existence and terms if they are ever breached. Fundamentally, though, an oral agreement, or an unsigned written agreement, is a valid contract, except in two broad cases. The first is when there is a statutory or regulatory requirement to put a certain agreement in writing. This is often the case, for example, with financial and healthcare agreements.The second is if the contract is under the statute of frauds. The Statute of Frauds was a 17th century English law that required some contracts to be in writing, because otherwise there would be too much risk of witnesses lying (the fraud) in their oral testimony in court. Today, the t erm refers mostly to common law principles that impose a writing requirement, plus provisions of certain modern statutes (such as the Uniform Commercial Code) that impose similar obligations. Saying that a contract is under the statute of frauds means that it has to be in writing.There are several categories of contracts that fall under the statute of frauds, including suretyship (promising to pay someone elses debts) and contracts in consideration of marriage (such as premarital agreements). The three categories most likely to arise in a business context are Sale of land. This also includes interests in land, such as a mortgage. Sales of goods worth $500 or more. Note that contracts for services, such as consulting or financial advice, are not covered under this provision. The $500 go into comes from the Uniform Commercial Code, and is an arbitrary figure, not pegged to inflation.LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) Page 7 Promises not performable in one year. In other words, there is no w ay the contract could be successfully performed within a year. If the contract does not specify a term of longer than a year, and there is come conceivable scenario in which both parties would discharge their responsibilities before the end of the year, it need not be in writing. If a contract falls under the statute of frauds, a sufficient writing is a document that identifies the parties, describes the basic obligations of the contract, and is signed by the party to be charged.As with any written contract, if there are specific details not set out in the document, the court can interpret the language or fill in reasonable terms as necessary to enforce it. If, however, the writing is missing a material term for example, the price in most sales contracts it is not enforceable. Basically, the court needs enough information to determine a remedy. If the contract is not under the statute of frauds, the courts can look to other written evidence or oral testimony to find a material ter m. However, if the parties simply failed to agree on such an essential point, the contract is unenforceable.Note that when the statute of frauds applies, only one party is required to sign the agreement the party who is being sued to enforce it (the defendant). The signature of the other party may still be useful to prove there was intent to enter into a binding agreement. Excuses to Performance In some circumstances, a party will not be held to an agreement, even when it met all the legal requirements for a valid contract. The most common excuses to performance are Fraud. If one party induces a contract by lying to the other party, it is not enforceable even when the form of the contract is abruptly good.Duress. If a party felt it was forced to enter into a contract against its will, it can claim the contract is unenforceable due to duress. This means something more than a difficult situation or a tough negotiating partner on the other side. For example, if there is only one suppl ier for an important input with sufficient production capacity, buying from that supplier is not duress. There must generally be some misconduct, involving threats to engage in illegal conduct or breach other obligations, which convinces the other party it has no choice. Unconscionability.As noted above, a contract will not be considered unenforceable because it is unfair, or because there is unequal negociate power (as is typically the case in business-to-consumer interactions). However, if one party has no reasonable opportunity to understand the obligations they are undertaking, or there are terms in the agreement so manifestly unfair that they shock the conscience, courts can declare specific provisions or whole contracts as unconscionable. This doctrine is successfully invoked infrequently, and then typically when there is unfairness in the process, rather than the substantive terms.Mutual mistake. If both parties were mistaken about the fundamental subject matter of the contr act, such that they never truly had an agreement, the contract can be declared unenforceable. If the mistake is simply a bad business decision, such as an assumption that the price of a good will not increase substantially, it will not excuse performance. Impossibility/frustration of purpose. If circumstances change so dramatically that either a contract is effectively impossible to perform, or it would be pointless to complete it, courts can excuse performance.As with the other doctrines, courts will not release parties from their obligations if performance is merely more difficult or costly than they expected. LGST 612 (Prof. Werbach) Page 8 These excuses are considered by courts after the fact. In such situations, there is a contract, but there is no legal remedy for a breach. Sometimes, the result is merely to sever a problematic provision of the contract. For example, a contract may be enforceable minus the specific term the court considered unconscionable.Recovery Outside of Contract (Promissory Estoppel) Modern contract law makes it relatively easy for parties to enter into contracts, to specify the terms of those contracts, and to be excused from contractual obligations when fundamental fairness dictates. Consequently, the legal system generally focuses on whether the procedural obligations of contract law described above have been met, rather than on whether the outcome is just. After all, the parties were free to act differently, yet chose to structure their agreement in a certain way.Why should the courts interfere with their decisions? In a host of cases, this freedom-based view of contracts fails to account for reality. Inequalities in access to information or bargaining power may so warp the relationship between parties that the formal structure of an agreement may not actually reflect the intent of at least one of them. Or there may be significant public policy concerns, such as avoiding mistreatment of patients or retail investors, which co unsel for heightened obligations beyond those of common-law contract doctrines.Another category cuts in the opposite direction. Sometimes the un-enforceability of an agreement is unfair. If one party reasonably relies on the other party, yet has no remedy because the agreement is unenforceable, it can create a situation in which the courts view themselves as parties to an injustice. The legal doctrine known as promissory estoppel arose to allow for recovery of damages in court, even when there is no enforceable contract between the parties.The Restatement (Second) of Contracts, a collection of best practices in contract law written by leading legal experts in the field, describes promissory estoppel as follows A promise which the promisor should reasonably expect to induce action or forbearance on the part of the promisee or a third person and which does induce such action or forbearance is binding if injustice can be avoided only by enforcement of the promise. The remedy granted fo r breach may be limited as justice requires. Most commonly this doctrine is invoked for charitable gifts.For example, imagine that a donor to Wharton promises the school $100 million for a newfangled building bearing her name, the school builds the building in reliance on the gift, and the donor then reneges on the promise. There is no enforceable contract, because there is no consideration. (The schools expenditure in building the building was a response to the promised gift it is not what induced the promise, as required for consideration. ) In such a situation, if a court feels it would be an injustice that Wharton receives no compensation, it can award damages on a promissory estoppel theory.Courts have applied promissory estoppel in other situations where, because of some legal quirk, a party reasonably relies on a contract and yet has no adequate remedy. Note that promissory estoppel is a distinct legal claim, not a lawsuit based on a valid contract. One consequence is that damages are generally limited to reliance. In the donation example in the previous paragraph, this means that Wharton might recover the amount it spent on constructing the building, but not the full $100 million that was promised. And remember that the court can decline to award anything if it does not feel that an injustice has occurred.

Physical Evidence in Services Marketing Essay

serve marketing Mix refers to the combination of marketing activities an organization engages in to promote and sell in perceptible services, as opposed to tangible produces. Marketing professionals and specialist use many tactics to attract and retain their customers. These activities found of different concepts, the most important one being the marketing motley. Marketing strategy is integrated with the marketing program, or marketing mix. The marketing mix traditionally includes variables such as price, reaping, promotion, and place.For this reason, the marketing mix deals more with implementation, and is not defined specifically as part of marketing strategy. Marketing mix is frequently used in combination with strategy to help marketing managers promote their product and/or service and it provides a useful framework for decision-making. The first P, product, in the marketing mix involves determining the products or services to offer for sale. The product country is conce rned with developing the right product for the target market. (Perrault & McCarthy, 2004, p. 38). The product refers to tangible products and intangible services.Marketing research is vital in developing the marketing mix and continues throughout the marketing process. Research allows the business to discover what products or services the consumer wants, needs or desires. If you dont understand what the market needs first, you stick outt possibly put the Ps to work effectively (Scott, 2004,). The services marketing mix is an extension of the 4-Ps framework. The essential elements of product, promotion, price and place remain just three additional variables people, physical evidence and process are included to 7Ps mix.The need for the extension is due to the high degree of check contact between the providers and the customers, the highly visible nature of the service process, and the simultaneity of the production and consumption. While it is possible to discuss people, physica l evidence and process at bottom the original-Ps framework (for example people mess be considered part of the product offering) the extension allows a more thorough analysis of the marketing ingredients necessary for prosperous services marketing.People because of the simultaneity of production and consumption in services the staff occupy the key position in influencing customers perceptions of product quality. In fact the service quality is inseparable from the quality of service provider. An important marketing task is to set standards to improve quality of services provided by employees and monitor their performance. Without training and control employees tend to be variable in their performance leading to variable service quality.In addition to the quartet Ps of traditional product marketingproduct, price, place and promotionthe services marketing mix includes the three Ps of service marketingpeople, process and physical evidence. The Services Marketing Mix is in like mann er referred to as the Extended Marketing Mix. The Four Ps In his seminal book, Basic Marketing A Managerial Approach, E. Jerome McCarthy introduced the four Ps classification system that is the cornerstone of traditional marketing. Product refers to the tangible and intangible benefits of a product or service, and how it meets customers needs.Price refers to the appropriateness of the pricing anatomical structure of a product or service. Place refers to the availability to customers of a product or service. Promotion refers to efforts to make a target audience aware of a product or service. People Unlike products, which are consumed independently from the individuals responsible for creating them, people play an integral role in the consumption of services. Customer comfort for services consumption is based upon the quality of interactions with the personnel who provide the service.In addition to skills and knowledge relative to the provision of services, services personnel must a lso have an aptitude for interpersonal communication. Process Process refers to the systems an organization implements in order to facilitate the bringing of services. Efficient and effective processes allow service delivery personnel to anticipate customer needs, identify and implement appropriate solutions, and respond to customer feedback in order to improve service delivery. Service delivery processes can improve customer satisfaction, increase customer retention, and increase the value of a service offering.Physical Evidence Physical evidence refers to the tangible and intangible elements that comprise the environment in which services are delivered. Tangible aspects of service delivery are the physical elements of the service environment that influence customer thinkings about the overall service. For example, a clean and comfortable restaurant interior can improve customers perceptions of the dining experience. Intangible aspects of service deliverysuch as reputation and t he opinions of other customersare the immaterial elements of the service environment that influence customer perceptions.

Imperialism Dbq

Imperialism DBQ Before the late 19th century the join States had non expanded outside of the the Statess this changed when wealth, world and industrial production increased. The demand for resources led to an era of imperialism. During this era expansionism in the United States unplowed the same principle but, it departed from previous expansions regarding to geography, politics and the economy. Americans kept the same principle, that graven image had given the U. S divine right to expand.The new Manifest Destiny was a continuation to the previous Manifest Destiny, moreover it extended to far away Islands that would not become states but instead become colonies. Many Americans continued to believe in Jackson Turners Frontier Thesis. They believed that if the U. S did not expand it would explode. In 1885 Josiah Strong wrote Our Country, he advocated superiority of the Anglo-Saxons and urged Americans to spread their religion to the backward peoples (Doc. B).Americans had felt the gather up to take control of the Indians after the Civil War and they continued to exert colonial control over dependent peoples on the Islands. Previously the expansion impulsion had not gone overseas. The Monroe Doctrine had given the U. S control over the Americas and kept foreign countries from intervening. Germany and the U. S got into a dispute over the Samoan Islands and America kept half. In 1898 Hawaii was annexed. American expansionism also went to the Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico. The era of Imperialism differed in politics from expansionism in the Americas.European powers were colonizing the world and America was being left-out (Doc. A), by 1900 Europe had taken over 20 percent of the land and 10 percent of the population of the world. The U. S felt the desire to compete with Europe for overseas empires. Before the United States had felt the need to expand and become a strong country, but now it was a competition of world dominance. In The Influence of Sea bert h upon History Alfred Mahan said that control of the sea was the key to world dominance and empire. Americans felt strong sea power was necessary to protect themselves from other countries ( Doc.C). When the Cubans rebelled against Spain the U. S became involved. Yellow journalism fueled the start of the Spanish-American War. The United States won the war when Spain signed the treaty of Paris as a result Cuba became a unornamented country, the U. S received Guam and also gained Puerto Rico. During the Russo- Japanese War Theodore Roosevelt did not want either side to gain a monopoly in Asia, but also did not want to start a war. After Japan secretly asked him to help sponsor peace negotiations, Theodore ended the war with the Treaty of Portsmouth. Economically U.S expansionism was a going away because, foreign trade had become an important part of the American economy. When the McKinley Tariff raised Hawaiian sugar prices, American sugar planters wanted Hawaii to be annexed so the tariffs would be eliminated. Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii, but later changed his mind when it was needed as a coaling and provisioning way station so supplies could be sent to Dewey in Manila Harbor. The U. S bought the Philippines from Spain but didnt set them free because they were a way to China, businessmen clamoured for the new Philippine market and it had desirable raw resources (Doc.E). The Chinese market was huge and American manufacturers feared that it would become monopolized by Europeans. So America issued the Open Door Policy so every nation would have uninfected competition (Doc. G). During the Era of Imperialism the United States went from being a strong nation to becoming a world power. It keep the same principle, that it was the superior race and God had given them the right to colonize, but left behind its old was relating to politics, economy and geography.

Networking Standard Organizations Essay

Today Im going to talk about the opposite organizations there atomic number 18 and the standards they set for ne cardinalrking. These organizations are ANSI, EIA and TIA, IEEE, ISO, ITU, ISOC, IANA and ICANN. They all instruct of a particular product or service. Many different organizations oversee the computer industries standards. These standards are essential in the net performanceing world, they ensure network designs compatibility.ANSIANSI (American National Standards Institute) is an organization that has more than a thousand representatives from industry and government who both determine standards for the electronics industry and separate fields, such as chemical and nuclear engineering, health and safety, and construction. This organization does not determine that manufacturers comply with its standards, but requests are voluntary.EIA and TIAThere are two related organizations called EIA and TIA. EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) is a trade organization that is composed of representatives from electronics manufacturing firms in the United States. A subgroup of EIA that merged with the former United States Telecommunications Suppliers Association (USTSA) formed TIA (Telecommunications industriousness Association). (American National Standards Institute, 2012) EIA sets standards for its members and dish ups write ANSI standards and lobbies for legislation promising to the growth of the computer and electronics industries. It focuses on standards for information technology, wireless, satellite, fiber optics, and telephone equipments. Both EIA and TIA set standards, lobby governments and industry, and sponsor conferences, exhibitions, and forums in their areas of concern.IEEEIEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is a worldwide society composed of engineering professionals. They also maintain a standard board that creates its own standards for the electronics and computer industries and contributes to the work of other standards-se tting bodies like ANSI. (Electronics Industries Alliance, 2012) To promote development and education in the electrical engineering and computer science fields is their goals. They host numerous symposia, conferences, and local chapter meetings and save papers designed to educate members or technological advances.ISOISO (International Organization for Standardization) located in Geneva, Switzerland, is a combination of standards organizations representing 157 countries. (Electronics Industries Alliance, 2012) Their goal is to establish international technological standards to serve worldwide exchange of information and barrier-free trade. It applies the fields of textiles, packaging, distribution of goods, energy production and utilization, shipbuilding, and banking and financial services.ITUITU (International Telecommunication Union) is a specific United Nations agency that regulates global telecommunications, including radio set and TV frequencies, satellite and telephony specif ications, networking infrastructure, and tariffs applied to global communications. (Electronics Industries Alliance, 2012) It provides rising countries with technical expertise and equipment to better those nations technological bases.ISOCISOC ( network Society) is a professional membership society that provides help to establish technical standards for the internet. Their concern involves keeping the internet accessible with its rapid growth, information security, and stabilizing addressing services and open standards across the internet. They consist of thousands of internet professionals and companies from 90 chapters worldwide. (Dean, 2009)IANA and ICANNA nonprofit group called IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) kept records of available and reserved IP addresses and determined how addresses were doled out. It coordinated its efforts with three RIRs (Regional Internet Registries) ARIN (American Registry for Internet Numbers), APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Centr e), and RIPE (Rseaux IP Europens ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) is a private, nonprofit corporation. (American National Standards Institute, 2012) They are mostly responsible for IP addressing and domain name management. Technically though, IANA continues to perform the system administration.

Condoms vs Abstinence for Public School Children Essay

Rush Limbaughs article, Condoms The New Diploma, berates the common practice of distri scarcelying goloshs to teach children. The iconic conservative talk show host, who is blessed with natural endowment on loan from God, uses forceful, colloquial arguments and analogies to warn against the messages and possible dire consequences that general school synthetic rubber statistical diffusion can impart on Americas children. He confidently and stridently argues that condom distribution in the schools is a dangerous, immoral policy that tends to minimize or ignore the many possible ban effects of kindle.Whether a school-age child wears a condom or not, Limbaugh states that the child is potentially exposing himself and his partner to AIDS, several(prenominal) other internally transfer diseases, and pregnancy. Rushs arguments argon sound and persuasive but some of his analogies are far-fetched and extreme, and his righteous tone and attitude may be annoying to those who disagree with him. Limbaugh passionately states his arguments using easy words, messages and analogies. His central premise, that abstinence works every time it is tried, is an irrefutable fact.That is, when a person carrys in sexual abstinence she is certain to avoid the negative possible consequences of sex which include pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases including the deadly AIDS virus. On the other hand, Limbaugh minimizes the fact that many school children are going to engage in sexual activities regardless of what they are taught and regardless of whether they have easy access to condoms. Limbaugh attacks what he sees as the absurd policy of using public tax dollars to purchase and distribute condoms in public schools.To exhibit that absurdity, he uses some extreme analogies that are far-fetched and absurd themselves. These plain-spoken, simplistic analogies include providing safe, untainted drugs every dayspring in home room, and packs of low-tar cigarettes to the studen ts for their after-sex smoke. He goes farther to the extreme as he advocates that public schools should convert poll halls to Safe Sex Centers, and that these schools should also put disease-free hookers in these centers. These suggestions are obviously facetious, but Mr.Limbaugh employs them to harshly see the light and expose what he sees as the wrong-headed, immoral, dangerous policy of condom distribution within schools. He thinks that condom distribution serves to condone and legitimize sexual activity among minors just as providing free outlaw(a) drugs to children would legitimize that dangerous, immoral activity. Limbaugh hammers home his point simply and starkly when he asks, Would you knowingly have sex with anyone who has AIDS with only a condom to protect you from getting the disease? He believes the policy of public school condom distribution, funded by taxpayers like him, promotes and legitimizes that possibly deadly scenario for young, occupyless children who do n ot care about or comprehend the long-term consequences of their casual sexual activity. But, he fails to point out that these identical careless children will be more at risk of contracting AIDS or getting pregnant if they do not use a condom during sexual intercourse. His absolute views and arguments are persuasive, but his presentation is unbalanced and he might be seen by some readers as pompous and arrogant.Whether you fare him or hate him, Rush Limbaugh confidently and unapologetically conveys his conservative, moral opinions on the dangers of public school condom distribution programs. He believes that this policy is symptomatic of the larger moral decline in our societal values, and that free condom distribution in public schools can be a matter of life and death. Despite some of his extreme and ridiculous analogies, Rush persuasively and emotionally advocates that sexual abstinence is the right policy for school children and that condom distribution is simply wrong and im moral.

Relationship with Parents as Presented in Foer’s Book Essay

A childs consanguinity with his or her p bents is a sensitive and moving concept as well as an provoke one to be presented in a contemporary book. This is especially if such idea is being discussed in a head teacher of view of a nine-year-old main character. Jonathan Safran Foers 2005 book titled Extremely gilded and Incredibly Close is an example of how a very young withal nonably intelligent male child named Oskar Schell was able to effectively tell or portray his kinships with his parents, as well as his grandparents.The relationships mingled with Oskar and his parents, as well as with that of his paternal grandparents, are compared with something which can only be imagined and invented. This is because with the extra-ordinary personality of Oskar, his character truly just played up on a lot of scenarios and possibilities that enabled him to establish his relationships with his immediate family and create a connection that only he was able to recognize.It was actually thr ough the uniqueness of Oskars persona that allowed Foer to eviscerate the implications of several serious issues such as the World War II firebombing of Dresden and 9/11 terrorist attack. In effect, Oskars relationships with his parents and paternal grandparents has proven Foers ability to effectively depict that war, terrorism, the future and enjoy are concepts which are loud and close. However, it was likewise Oskars family links which determined that there are to a fault things in the book or even palpableities of look that are seem to be silent and far away(p) such as human relationship.The main character of the Foers novel is a nine-year-old boy named Oskar Schell. He is characterized in the books as a discoverer, jewelry designer, a young entomologist, protagonist, music enthusiast, good writer, archaeologist, artist, explorer, actor in a Hamlet production, sometimes a vegetarian, and collector of rare items, alone definitely an unreliable narrator. through and through t hese attributes, Oskar manifests the loudness and closeness of life realities such as war, coercion, and love.Eventually, he realizes how quiet and distant his relationship with his parents and grandparents is. Foer uncover the story of Oskar with the death of Oskars puzzle who was among the many Americans who died when the twin towers were attacked in the morning of September 11, 2001. This is the point where Oskar exerts efforts to trace the sense of his fathers death. Instead, however, his journey leads him to recognize and eventually accept what kind of relationship he has with his parents and paternal grandparents.Notwithstanding the efforts do by Oskar in order to establish his relationship with his parents and grandparents, he ends up understanding his sincere fondness towards his family as the mystery behind their relationships is uncovered, and ultimately searching for their love or affection (Foer, 2005). Foers utilization of magical realism, the books literary genre, a s presented in a form of photographs in the book, exposed that Oskar was simply too late in realizing how he dogged for the love or affection of his father who was taken away from him so early and made their relationship short-lived.Moreover, Oskars incomparable personality has also paved the way for an unassuming and clear presentation of how he relates with his mother whom he criticized for not mourning the death of her husband because of her new-found love. Foer, through the perspective of a nine-year-old boy, was also able to connect past event such as the Dresden bombing with Oskars longing of his grandparents whom he was not able to see he was only able to get to know them through their earn which were written way before he was born.Such literary styles of Foer and ironic scenarios involving Oskars life provided the readers with a glimpse of how a father values his son. As portrayed in the three generations of the Schell family, Foer disclosed the long-desired but belated c onnection among the three mena relationship that is coincidentally loud, yet silent and close, yet far away (Foer, 2005). Such contradicting metaphors are also evident with how the author presented the relationships between Oskar and the women in his lifehis mother and grandmother.The child in Oskar was apparently obvious in times when he displayed some potpourri of jealousy with the new man in his mothers life as well as bitterness with his grandmothers absence. In particular, the book showed that Oskar endured the emotions of hatred and mental confusion apparently callable to his mothers new-found man. He expresses such feelings by hurting himself until he got bruises. This indication, however, only exposed more than the kind of relationship that Oskar had with his mother and grandmother.It turned out to be a relationship similar to his father and grandfather it was characterized with the boys intense desire of their affections and centered on his profound longing for their lov e. Foer evince how Oskar, despite his hardships, valued life and his relationships with his family as he echoed the boys feelings and said that life made sense. Even the bad things made sense. They were necessary to make you possible. Alas. Your songs. My parents lives made sense (Foer, 2005, p. 232).It was unfortunate to note, however, that the realization of an evenly utmost relationship, which Oskars parents and grandparents actually wanted, was not achieved. Hence, the boy was left with his unique antics and loneliness (Foer, 2005). Meanwhile, the novel did not only result in giving praise to Foer. Rather, the story unlocks the mysteries in Oskars journey as well through which a clearer representation of the impacts of life realities is provided. The book suggests that there a lot of substances as there are emotions in this world.However, the realization and benefit of enjoying life instead of succumbing to absurdity is actually not impossible if only one would open his or he r heart to the eventualities of love which will eventually dispute ones worries and loss. The book makes Oskar as an adorable yet intriguing character because he exudes both naivete and sophistication and one can be truly affected by his fate. Although the novel discusses real issues like war and terrorism, it embraces other lifes dramas which are led by the portrayal of Oskar as a tough character trapped inside the body of a boy.Furthermore, it is worthy to note that amidst sliminess in Oskars life, he was able to see light. This, in effect, can lead the readers to recover human beings which is humans link with one another especially during times when human quality is apparently abandoned. In the end, Foers book shows the balance between wit and disaster, devastation and innovation, living and dying, and, most definitely, between showing the loudness and closeness of life realities.

Car sales Solution Essay

My task is to imagine my friend is setting up a automobile locating business and wants to install a computer system. The system must have the power to store different car information and have the function to search for coveted car information be sto red-faced and searched for easily .The system must also be aristocratical to use and I have been asked to find a solution to carry this out. Two ways that I could solve the hassle is by (1). Putting the information in a table using Microsoft Word, information would be easy to store, but a disadvantage would be that it is, hard and time consuming to search for a desired car. Another way would be storing the information in Microsoft Access.Microsoft Access is a program that contains databases. I speak out this would be the most efficient method to solve the problem, because information could be stored and searched for easily, using subject areas. To do this you read to use a query. Firstly you must make a query table, to it you need to add as many field options as you need such as type model, below apiece field type what you are looking.Save the table, open it and you should have some results. The car data type I need to put into the databases to solve the problem are Model, Make, Year, Type, Mileage, Mot, Colour, Extra features and history of owners. These will become the titles of the field (fields are the tables in which you add all the information in the databases. I need to collect each of these items of data because this will give easy access to search for the customers desired feature of a car. For standard if a customer wanted a red car I could just type red next to colour when searching.I have designed a data capture form, which shows all the enlarge of a certain car. The car information I have entered comes from an ad in the local write up Herald and Post. The car information is taken from a Stanground Autos ad.I have decided to create a way of validating data. The data type that needed validating was Mileage and Price. For the Price field the administration rule is 0 and 0 and

Nutrition Essay

Shakton Andrews March 27, 2012 4. 07 Movie Matinee Shakton carbohydrate was chatting happily with a jar of paprika in the pantry when some genius started calling her name. The voice got at hand(predicate) and soon, dickens hands appe atomic number 18d on the ledge. Whose head popped up above them exclusively that of Norman Nutrition on that point you are, Shakton he express with a smile. Hi at that place, Norman Shakton replied. Listen, Shakton, we have a bear-sized problem the Jones family isnt eating right. Theyre only(prenominal) eating donuts, candy, chips, and sodas. We have to do something Im calling on all the food groups to admirer me emerge.Were going to show them how to eat healthy again. Of course Ill servicing. We convey to teach the Jones to eat properly or else theyll be sick and all overweight, Shakton answered. Good Remember, meet me at the dining live table at supper time with three friends, Norman said. Then he waved and jumped take out the she lf to tell the early(a) food groups about the Jones problem. Bye, Paprika Duty calls Shakton said, waving to his friend in front jumping off the shelf like Norman. As Shakton floated down to the floor, he purpose about who he should bring to the dining room with him. The Jones kids are fun and like to play. I should bring some friends that are fun And with that, Shakton headed to the kitchen. clavus has lots of carbs my friend edible corn on the cobnut would be perfect for the Jones kids Shakton decided, and do his substance to the refrigerator. Opening the gate was a challenge too big for little Shakton, so he had the family dog, Oscar, help her. With his teeth, he pulled on the towel Mrs. Jones kept tied to the refrigerator door handle. The towel stretched for a second, and then the door opened with a whoosh of cool air.How to open the drawer where maize on the filbert lived was a harder problem to solve. Eventually, though, Oscar and Shakton figured it out. Oscar hel d Shakton carefully in his mouth while he grabbed allow of the drawer handle. Then, he pulled and the drawer slid open with a squeak. Thanks, Oscar, Shakton called as the dog trotted off. Hey, Shakton, is that you? feed on the Cob asked from where she sat at the back of the drawer. Yep, thats me Shakton answered, jumping down into the drawer. give on the Cob ran over and gave her a hug. I consume your help, Shakton began, re developing his friends hug. Of course, anything And so Shakton explained the Jones problem. When he finished Corn on the Cob gasped in horror. Oh, Shakton, thats awful What do you need me to do? she asked. I need you to come with me to the dining room table to show that it can be fun to eat advanced foods. We have to be in that respect by supper time, and I still have to pick up to other friends. permits go, then What are we waiting for? Corn on the Cob exclaimed. As Shakton and Corn on the Cob climbed out of the drawer, Shakton asked his friend who else they should bring along to the dining room.Corn on the Cob paused on the edge of the drawer, idea, before jumping down onto the floor where Shakton waited. Mr. and Mrs. Jones might not be interested in fun foods like me at their age Corn on the Cob said sadly. What about blueberry? Hes a bit more suited to their fruity pallet, Shakton suggested. Good idea, Corn on the Cob agreed. Shakton and Corn on the Cob had to ask some of the other inhabitants of the fridge where BlueBerry lived, but eventually they found out where he usually stayed. It was a small drawer on the rattling top shelf on the Pantry Door.From where they stood on the bottom shelf, Shakton and Corn on the Cob looked agency, way up to render where he lived. How are we ever going to get up there? Corn on the Cob fretted. Well figure out a way. After all, Im not in charge of the Protein food group for nothing Shakton encouraged. Lets think for a trice and see if we come up with anything, Corn on the Cob sugge sted. Shakton agreed, and together they sat with legs crossed, chins resting on one hand, thinking hard. I know Corn on the Cob suddenly yelled. Lets ask Spaghetti for help What a good idea, Shakton said, and so they went over to the drawer where Mrs. Jones kept all the leftovers. The Leftover Drawer was a dark and scary place. Meatloaf and Lima Beans were not always the very nicest sort of foods, and it was hard to uncovering your way around this drawer. Some foods got lost here, and never saw the light of day again until Mrs. Jones did her once-every-2-months-cleaning-of-the-refrigerator. However, Spaghetti was a new arrival to this drawer, having only been served for the first time 2 days ago. Luckily for Shakton and Corn on the Cob, that meant she lived near the front of the drawer.After several minutes, they found her. She was sleeping soundly in a large, noodle-y mass nether a blanket of tomato sauce with her pet meatballs at her side. Shakton had a terrible time trying to w ake Spaghetti up. He and Corn on the Cob tried poking Spaghetti, shouting, clapping their hands, and loudly vocalizing in squeaky, off-key voices. Finally, their efforts were rewarded and Spaghetti woke up. Then Shakton and Corn on the Cob had to sit and catch their breathing room for minute before asking for help. We need your help, Spaghetti, Shakton began. Yeah, were trying to get to the top of the Door to visit BlueBerry.But its too high up for us and theres no way to climb up by ourselves, Corn on the Cob continued. Can you help us get up to the top out Shelf so we can climb across to the drawer on the door where BlueBerry lives? Shakton finished. Spaghetti thought for a moment before answering, Sure, Ill help, but I never do something for nothing. While youre up there in the Door, will you give a message to my friend Grated Parmesan for me? Yes, if youll just help us up there Shakton agreed. All right, its a deal, Spaghetti said. Tell Parmesan hat she and I are supposed to be served for dinner tonight, so she had better not make any plans and be out partying in the very back of the refrigerator like last time The three of them made their way out of the creepy, shadowy leftover-drawer and Spaghetti began making a plan Ill reach up to the next shelf and youll climb up along my arm, she said. Her noodle arms were very, very long, and she would have no problem scope way up to the next shelf. Shakton and Corn on the Cob nodded and Spaghetti continued, Then Ill pull myself up and well do the same thing over again.Im not entirely sure how youll get over onto the door, but I can at least take you as far as the aggrandisement Shelf. Thank you for helping us at least that much Shakton said gratefully. He really meant what he said. The three carried out their plan without a single thing going wrong, and eventually they reached the Top Shelf. Here, I must leave you, Spaghetti said sadly. Shakton gave her new friend a hug. Thank you again for helping us. I dont know how we would have made it up here without you Youre welcome, Shakton. Good jeopardy on your mission Spaghetti said, then began to go back down to the Leftover Drawer.A kindly tall, skinny cardboard pint of cream was more than willing to lean over and let Shakton and Corn on the Cob climb up his back to reach the Door. They had to quickly deliver Spaghettis message to Grated Parmesan, then they were on their way again. Finally, the two reached BlueBerrys home. He was more than willing to come along in fact, he was quite honored to be chosen as a representative of the Carbohydrate group. Wait, theres only Corn on the Cob and I doesnt that mean you still need to get one more food? he suddenly asked as they slid down the refrigerator door handle and onto the floor. Youre right, Shakton realized. He looked at his friends, thinking about whom else he should bring along. He smacked her fist onto her palm, shouting, I know Lets go get Ants on a enter Corn on the cob and Bl ueBerry looked at each other, puzzled. Whos that? they asked at the same time. Oh, youve probably never heard of him. Hes new to the Kitchen. Anyway, hes on a plate on the counter, beside the sink. Shakton, BlueBerry, and Corn on the Cob, scurried across the floor, very careful not to disturb the sleeping cat as they went by. They were all very glad that Mrs.Jones had been interrupted a while ago while sweeping the floors, because the eelpout was leaning up against the counter. It was pretty easy to climb up the broom handle and onto the counter after(prenominal) all that Shakton and Corn on the Cob went through to get to BlueBerry. When they had all climbed up the broom handle, they travel rapidly over to the white plate sitting there a foot away. The Ants on a Log family were all lying around on the plate, chatting with each other. They all looked exactly alike Shakton ran over in the lead of the other two. Hello Im Shakton Carbohydrate, she said.All six of them turned and lo oked at her. Hello, they all said at once. They looked very friendly. Shakton quickly told them about the Jones eating problems (for the third time that day) and asked them if one of them would come with her to the dining room table at supper time. Oh, yes. Allan will go with you one of them said cheerfully. Thank you Shakton exclaimed gratefully. He looked quickly over her shoulder at the large clock on the wall. Oh no It was almost 630 They had only five minutes to get to the dining room table. Would they make it in time? We have to hurry, Shakton shouted. Lets go They all slid down the broom handle and ran across the kitchen. It was a very big kitchen, and they couldnt run very fast on their short little legs. There was only two minutes left when they finally reached the dining room. They hurried over to the table, and then struggled to climb up one of its legs. At long last, they all made it up onto the tabletop. They sat down droply, panting to get their breath back. Shakto n, you made it Good job Norman Nutrition called from the middle of the table, where he sat beside the salt shaker. I knew I could count on you. Shakton was very pleased when she saw many of her friends there beside Norman. Penelope Protein was there with her 3 representatives, along with Frances Fat, Phil Fiber, and Wally Water. Of course, the Jones family was there, too. They listened while Norman Nutrition explained that they were here to help them eat better so they could be healthier. Then, the leaders of each of the food groups took turns talking about their jobs. When it was Shaktons turn he said My job in maintaining your bodies is to help build gain energy so you can run, jump, and play.I brought three friends with me. Corn has lots of carbs, but Corn on the Cob is more fun than other kinds, dont you think? BlueBerry can be very fruity, and hes all about carbs Ants on a Log gets his carbs from the Peanut Butter hes made with. After everyone had gotten a turn to talk, Norm an turned to the Jones. After what youve learned, will you promise to eat better foods? he asked. They all nodded. Shakton was tired that night, but very joyous that the mission was a success. He knew if the Jones ate properly, they would live very happy lives.

Navy Recommendation

1. While serving in the capacity as the Command Career direction the USS STEPHEN W GROVES (FFG 29), I have had the good fortune to have Petty ships officer Jason Martinez work with me as the service Command Career Counselor for our ship.2. This past year has afforded me the opportunity of witnessing the many accomplishments PS1 has been able to achieve twain personally and professionally. Petty Officer Martinez has demonstrated exceptional knowledge of all necessary retention programs much(prenominal) as PTS, CIMS, NRMS, Fleet RIDE and NRMS. He has led the way in training and providing information to our confederacy through First Terms Success Workshops, Career Development Training Courses and GENDET Success Workshops.Furthermore, PS1(SW) Martinez has been a drive force to ensure career development boards are conducted effectively. He has embodied the ideals of career development by encouraging the engagement of the chain of command providing the guidance needed by sailors to attain the objectives of the Sailor Continuums five vectors.3. In addition to the above-mentioned accomplishments, he has completely overhauled our Command Sponsorship Program, establishing a new sponsorship police squad from the main departments of the ship, and providing the necessary training for instant results. Petty Officer Martinez flawlessly processed and tracked 23 reenlistments of which 15 were SRB entitlements over 110,000 dollars.He has processed six Fleet Reserve, seven Career Status Bonus, and 56 Perform to Serve applications. During this period while assigned as Assistant Command Career Counselor, he has stepped in and executed the duties as the Command Career Counselor, while I was away either subtlety or on leave.4. Petty Officer Martinez routinely performs his tasks flawlessly and at a higher pay-grade than is judge at his current rank, whether it is explaining Navy policies to the Captain, Executive Officer or counseling a sailor as to his career path options. His overall development as both an Assistant Command Career Counselor and a sailor over the past year has been nothing short of exemplary Petty Officer Martinez is the type of leader that the Navy needs to continue leading the way in the career-counseling field5. A very important contribution that PS1(SW) Martinez has made to the success of the ships program is his ability to work together with and agree the building of the career development team. In fact, one of his most important qualities has been his ability to earn the faith and trust of the crew onboard the ship. It is this trait, in addition to all his other abilities, that makes him an effective career counselor. S. J. MARTINEZ

The Early Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Early Industrial variety - Essay ExampleThese colonies in the East and West Indies, and North America, served as an overseas market for Englands domestic goods, and also provided piercing material and manufactured goods. The powerfulnessful British naval fleet observe mercantile access to these markets. At the same time, Englands Scientific Revolution resulted in several inventions, much(prenominal) as the spinning jenny and the steam engine, which lowered production costs and market prices, and increased speed. A rapid growth in population and rising standards of living increased mass consumption and ruttish demand. This population growth also provided England with a large labor force.While the economic and political organise of Europe continued to stagnate under the feudal ancien regime, Englands fledgling democracy witnessed the curtailment of the power of the monarchy and the aristocracy, and the emergence of the influential new middle class, for whom the pursuit of mo ney was socially acceptable. Property and contract rights were guaranteed, gift England an important edge over its more backward European continental rivals (Roger, webpage). The English Governments commercial regulations emphasized the domestic economic interest, and supported entrepreneurs. England boasted a higher level of elementary knowledge than Europe, which contributed towards innovation. Englands Transport Revolution, facilitated by improved road, water and rail infrastructure, and heightened by the inherent advantages of a long, indented coastline, legion(predicate) rivers and natural harbors, enabled the speedy movement of raw goods to the factories, and manufactured goods to the market. The Agricultural Revolution saw the transition from bantam land holdings into large farms, the introduction of new crop varieties and farm implements, increasing the yield of industrial raw material, such as cotton and grain. This was in contrast to Europe, where subsistence farming

Business Reaserch Project Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Reaserch Project Proposal - Essay ExampleWhen todays youngish iPod tone users age by five years, they will already have iTunes accounts, saved personal contacts to their iPod Touch devices, purchased hundreds of apps and songs, and mastered the iPhone OS user interface. This translates into loyalty and switching exists, allowing Apple to seamlessly graduate young users from the iPod Touch to the iPhone (Jeff Bertolucc 2009).Consumers be eager to shell out advantage of the developments of Apples iPod in regions where the iPod has not been officially launched as yet. The trouble lies in the fact that the success of Apples iPod has paved the way for the exponential growth of the hurt phone sedulousness. Consumers are now more inc reportd to purchase smart phones than any other types of movable digital music players. In addition, the success of the iPod has also spurred the rapid development of a large line of smart phones designed by competitors to rival Apples iPod an d take advantage of the growing foodstuff for smart phones. In this regard, Apples move into the portable digital music player industry takes on a conspicuous form on account of the non-uniform that Apple is faced with on a global scale. The global competitive landscape for portable digital music player is every opposite now from what is used to be a decade ago. Technological innovation is driving down cost of production as it continues to drive up demand. As a result of these trends, Apple took a feeling beyond portable music players and moved into the music industry. This move of reverse integration allowed Apple to take on a strong position in the music industry. However, the move is one that does not contract the same success on an operational scenario such as that which it does in a tactical scenario. As a result, Apples success in the music industry becomes questionable when considered in the strategical perspective.Yet another aspect of Apples recent development is that which